spinulosa, and usually but not always serrate. Banksia ledifolia A.Cunn. I, may belong to this species, but we have no positive authority to assert it. A nicely shaped Hairpin Banksia (Banksia spinulosa var. collina) at Dave's Garden. [ 20 ] [ 21 ] It differs from B. spinulosa var. Banksia spinulosa var. collina) at the Kula Botanical Garden in Maui. cunninghamii lacks a lignotuber . A spike may contain hundreds or thousands of individual flowers, each of which consists of a tubular perianth made up of four united tepals, and one long wiry style. A.S.George; Banksia spinulosa var. Banksia spinulosa var. This transfer was not accepted, however, and Sirmuellera collina (R.Br.) Alex George also reports that the taxon should be reviewed. collina are generally bare. neoanglica and var. spinulosa and B. spinulosa var. B. spinulosa does not appear to be under threat. Spinulosae. Description. Found in several disjunct populations between southern New South Wales and North Queensland. [26] Flowering may take up to eight years from germination; buying an advanced plant may hasten this process, as will getting a cutting-grown plant. They foreshadowed publishing a full arrangement once DNA sampling of Dryandra was complete; in the meantime, if Mast and Thiele's nomenclatural changes are taken as an interim arrangement, then B. spinulosa is placed in B. subg. It usually occurs on sand, but can be found in rocky clays or loams. They foreshadowed publishing a full arrangement once DNA sampling of Dryandra was complete; in the meantime, if Mast and Thiele's nomenclatural changes are taken as an interim arrangement, then B. spinulosa var. Though not terminal, the flower spikes are fairly prominently displayed. Banksia spinulosa var. Related Plants 'Birthday Candles' 'Cherry Candles' 'Coastal Cushion' 'Golden Candles' 'Honeypots' 'Lemon Glow' 'Schnapper Point' collina. [7] The following year a taxonomic synonym was published: seeds of this variety must have been sent to Russia, as in 1857 the name Banksia guentheri was published by Eduard August von Regel, based on material cultivated in Leningrad; this has since been declared a taxonomic synonym of B. spinulosa var. Banksia, and was divided into three sections, one of which was Oncostylis. [39], Banksia spinulosa var. Banksia spinulosa - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia. [13] This arrangement stood until 1999, when George effectively reverted to his 1981 arrangement in his monograph for the Flora of Australia series. Banksia spinulosa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. He called it "prickly-leaved banksia", though this name has fallen out of use. [35] The same study noted that, unlike other banksias studied, B. spinulosa var. Banksia spinulosa var. The pre-eminent authority on Banksia, Alex George, concedes there is still more work to be done on the Banksia spinulosa complex. Spicigerae - Banksia subg. collina. Thus the species' full name is Banksia spinulosa Sm.[1]. [33], Banksia spinulosa var. As most cultivated forms of this species have a lignotuber, dormant buds exist below the bark that respond to pruning or fire, and hard-pruning is possible almost to ground level as a plant can readily sprout from old wood. Series Spicigerae appears to be polyphyletic, with B. spinulosa and B. ericifolia more closely related to the taxa in Series Salicinae than it is to the other members of series Spicigerae. Sirmuellera collina (R.Br.) collina. The leaves and flowers we have not seen."[7]. collina was first published as Banksia collina by Robert Brown in 1810, based on specimens he found among hills in the vicinity of the Hunter River, New South Wales in New South Wales in 1802. A.S.George WildNet taxon ID 17900 Alternate name(s) golden candlesticks hill banksia Nature Conservation Act 1992 (NCA) status Least concern Conservation significant No Confidential No Endemicity Native Pest status Nil Other resources The Australasian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) A.S.George APNI*. Banksia spinulosa var. Photos taken at the Australian National Botanic Gardens in Canberra. collina (Brown) George: Propose photo. The leaves are long and narrow with leaf edges rolled downwards so that serrations are not apparent. Banksia guentheri Regel Banksia ledifolia A.Cunn. [1][3] Brown did not give an explicit reason for the specific epithet "collina", but it is universally accepted that it is from the Latin collinus ("of hills"), in reference to the topography of the area in which he first found it. spinulosa, var. English botanist James Edward Smith later tentatively attributed this figure to B. spinulosa: "We suspect the fruit figured in Mr. White's Voyage, page 225, fig. spinulosa in having broader leaves 3–8 mm in width that have serrate margins. collina (R.Br.) Care: Water with fine mist spray to avoid disturbance of the seed. [18], Natural hybrids between B. s. var. B. collina was placed between B. spinulosa and B. verticillata (Granite Banksia), and both B. cunninghamii and the western species B. littoralis (Western Swamp Banksia) were reduced to synonymy with it. Known as chlorosis, it manifests as yellowing of new leaves with preservation of green veins, and occurs when the plant is grown in soils of higher pH. File:Banksia collina (Forster).jpg. A 1982 study in the New England National Park in North-eastern New South Wales found that a large influx of Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris (eastern spinebill) coincided with the start of local B. spinulosa's flowering. They inferred a phylogeny very greatly different from the accepted taxonomic arrangement, including finding Banksia to be paraphyletic with respect to Dryandra. collina (Brown) George: Propose photo. [12][13][14] Early in 2007, Mast and Thiele initiated a rearrangement of Banksia by merging Dryandra into it, and publishing B. subg. Sowing: 1mm deep in well-draining medium.Cover very lightly with vermiculite. Its floral display and fine foliage have made it a popular garden plant with many horticultural selections available. [2] Banksia "Giant Candles" was a chance garden hybrid between B. ericifolia and B. spinulosa var. View images of species within this unranked; Record a sighting; variety: Banksia spinulosa var. [18] Mast listed B. spinulosa var. collina (R.Br.) collina. Growth Characteristics Height (m): 2 - 4 Spread (m): 2 - 5 Soil Texture: sand, loam, clay Kuntze Some forms of Banksia spinulosa are found naturally on clay soils in the Sydney basin, but be prepared for slow growth. Banksia spinulosa var. Banksia spinulosa can be propagated easily by seed, and is one of the (relatively) easier banksias to propagate by cutting. Spinulosae. Banksia spinulosa described, and some information given on cultivation, on pages 114–115. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. spinulosa was introduced into cultivation in the United Kingdom in 1788 by Joseph Banks who supplied seed to Kew, Cambridge Botanic Gardens and Woburn Abbey among others; var. Taxonomy. Cylindrical golden-toffee flowers in winter, and bushy branches of slender leaves, variable in appearance. collina sens. Endlicher's Eubanksia became B. subg. collina, B. prionotes, B. ericifolia and B. hookeriana (days 6 and 12), all species showed a significant (P < 0.05) interaction between symptom score and Phytophthora species, reflecting the greater susceptibility of most Banksia species to P. cinnamomi than to P. citricola. ericifolia have been recorded at Pigeon House Mountain in Morton National Park. ericifolia. This was determined to be a taxonomic synonym of B. collina shortly afterwards, and was formally declared a synonym of B. spinulosa var. [44], There are a number of commercial varieties available from Australian retail nurseries, four have been registered under plant breeders' rights legislation, and another with the Australian Cultivar Registration Authority. WikiMili The Free Encyclopedia. He called it "prickly-leaved banksia", though this name has fallen out of use. Russell Kightley Media PO Box 9150, Deakin, ACT 2600, Australia. Banksia spinulosa ‘Honey Pots’. collina's position within the B. spinulosa complex, and retained B. spinulosa in series Spicigerae, but placed the species alone in B. subser. [33], Like most other Proteaceae, B. spinulosa has proteoid roots, roots with dense clusters of short lateral rootlets that form a mat in the soil just below the leaf litter. Banksia collina (now B. spinulosa var. Banksia spinulosa. Variety of shrub in the family Proteaceae from the east coast of Australia, Curtis's Botanical Magazine/Volume LVIII/3060 Banksia littoralis, Transactions of the Linnean Society of London/Volume 10/On the Proteaceae of Jussieu/Banksia#Banksia_collina, Flora Australiensis/Volume V/CIV. [6] This is not the case for var. Also found as Banksia spinulosa var. collina ‘Barleythorpe’ Kingdom: Plantae. APNI*. collina was first published as Banksia collina by Robert Brown in 1810, based on specimens he found amongst hills in the vicinity of the Hunter River, New South Wales in New South Wales in 1802. B This article has been rated as B-Class on the project's quality scale. It has long narrow leaves with inflorescences which can vary considerably in coloration; while the spikes are gold or less commonly yellowish, the emergent styles may be a wide range of colours – from black, purple, red, orange or yellow. cunninghamii spinulosa var. collina was first published as Banksia collina by Robert Brown in 1810, based on specimens he found amongst hills in the vicinity of the Hunter River, New South Wales in New South Wales in 1802. A.S.George is an accepted name This name is the accepted name of an infraspecific taxon* of the species Banksia spinulosa Sm. Banksia#Banksia collina, Flora Australiensis: A Description of the Plants of the Australian Territory, "Historical biogeography and the origin of stomatal distributions in, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Thiele and Ladiges' taxonomic arrangement of, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Banksia_spinulosa_var._collina&oldid=988673938, Taxa named by Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773), Short description is different from Wikidata, Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 14 November 2020, at 16:09. Jump to navigation Jump to search. Banksia collina R.Br. Photos taken at the Australian National Botanic Gardens in Canberra. [17] Brown antechinus, sugar glider, and bush rat are also known to visit flowers. Spathulatae. Widely sold in nurseries it is a popular garden plant. He gave it the common name prickly-leaved banksia, though this has fallen out of use. cunninghamii. Old flower parts usually persist for a long time, giving the infructescence a hairy appearance. Characteristic of the taxonomic section in which it is placed, the styles are hooked rather than straight. Banksia spinulosa Name Synonyms Banksia collina R.Br. Banksia prionophylla F.Müll. Kuntze Homonyms Banksia spinulosa var. collina is a shrub that grows along the east coast of Australia, in Queensland and New South Wales.Commonly known as Hill Banksia or Golden Candlesticks, it is a taxonomic variety of B. spinulosa (Hairpin Banksia). Kingdom: Plantae. Banksia spinulosa , sometimes known as Hairpin Banksia, is native to the three eastern States of Australia, extending along the coast from Victoria to Cairns and distributed from the coastline into forest areas of the Great Dividing Range, In coastal areas of New South Wales it tends towards a dwarfed habit but further in the mountains it is taller and more upright. 2nd Edition "The Banksia Book1' - A.S. George) - (Nuytsia Vol. Banksia spinulosa. Under George's taxonomic arrangement of Banksia, B. spinulosa's taxonomic placement may be summarised as follows:[3], More recent molecular research suggests that B. spinulosa and B. ericifolia may be more closely related to series Salicinae, with Banksia integrifolia and its relatives. "[9], White probably collected the type material of B. spinulosa in 1792. cunninghamii was first collected by Franz Sieber in 1823, from Mount York in the Blue Mountains of New South Wales.He gave it the name Banksia cunninghamii in honour of Alan Cunningham, and this name was honoured when a formal description of the taxon was published by Ludwig Reichenbach in 1827.. Banksia spinulosa collina. collina-spinulosa intergrade Catalogue number:NSW 789858 State: New South Wales Locality: Gosford (C) Collector: Stimpson, M.L. Position: Open & sunny, well-drained.. BANKSIA SPINULOSA VAR COLLINA 'Golden Candlesticks' Family: Protaceae. collina was visited predominantly by native bees rather than the introduced Apis mellifera (European honeybee). Banksia spinulosa var. Banksia spinulosa Last updated September 28, 2019. [11] When George Bentham published his 1870 arrangement in Flora Australiensis, he discarded Meissner's series, placing all the species with hooked styles together in a section that he named Oncostylis. Hairpin banksia; Banksia spinulosa var. Banksia spinulosa var. collina (R.Br.) [12] This arrangement would stand for over a century. Herbarium) Banksia e~ica This new species … Vernacular names [ edit ] It is resistant to Phytophthora cinnamomi dieback, which poses a major threat to many other Banksia species;[38] and its wide distribution protects against the threat of habitat loss due to land clearing. neoanglica and var. cunninghamii is found in three disjunct regions; the Dandenong Ranges east of Melbourne, East Gippsland between Lakes Entrance and Eden, and in the Great Dividing Range in a band from Jervis Bay to Glen Davis in Central New South Wales, while there have been collections northwards in the Dividing Range up into southeast Queensland. collina (R.Br.) collina by George in 1981.[1][8]. Banksia spinulosa var. Brown, Robert (1810), "On the Proteaceae of Jussieu" in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 10. Banksia spinulosa ‘Honey Pots’is a dwarf or low growing cultivar well worth a place in the garden, also suited to growing in containers. [34] Southern and montane provenance forms are frost hardy. collina × Banksia spinulosa var. Banksia. Browse pictures and read growth / cultivation information about Banksia Species, Hairpin Banksia (Banksia spinulosa var. Widely sold in nurseries it is a popular garden plant. (Hairpin Banksia) Banksia spinulosa var. cunninghamii - Banksia ser. His analyses suggest a phylogeny that is very greatly different to George's arrangement. Banksia spinulosa var. [43], Both B. s. var. Leaf edges are either serrate for the entire leaf length (collina) or toward the apex only (spinulosa),[2] though the margins may be recurved and hence serrations not evident as in those from the Carnarvon Gorge. It produces spikes of golden yellow flowers. neoanglica. Its leaves are broader than those of B. spinulosa var. Known as the hill banksia, it was first published as Banksia collina by Robert Brown in 1810, and retained species rank until 1981, when George demoted it to a variety of B. spinulosa. Golden Candlestick. It is uncertain exactly when he first collected the species; it may have been before 1790, as there is speculation that a sketch in his 1790 Journal of a Voyage to New South Wales is of a B. spinulosa infructescence. [11] This arrangement stood until 1999, when George effectively reverted to his 1981 arrangement in his monograph for the Flora of Australia series. Hairpin Banksia Banksia spinulosa var. cunninghamii. collina is a shrub that grows along the east coast of Australia, in Queensland and New South Wales.Commonly known as Hill Banksia or Golden Candlesticks, it is a taxonomic variety of B. spinulosa (Hairpin Banksia). Spathulatae for the species having spoon-shaped cotyledons. BANKSIA spinulosa var collina. It has a dense and compact growth habit to around a metre wide and tall. The hairpin banksia is pollinated by and provides food for a wide array of vertebrate and invertebrate animals in the autumn and winter months. Banksia spinulosa. [ 20 ] [ 21 ] It differs from B. spinulosa var. collina (R.Br.) in the genus Banksia (family Proteaceae). it is also a good food Get all the latest news about gardening and Angus straight to your inbox. There are also outlying populations at Carnarvon National Park (around 500 kilometres from any other population), Crows Nest and Mount Barney National Park in Queensland, and at Boonoo Boonoo. [18] Similarly, B. spinulosa var. [32], The hairpin banksia occurs along the east coast of Australia from the Dandenong Ranges east of Melbourne, Victoria, north through New South Wales and into Queensland. Banksia spinulosa var. collina 'Carnarvon Gold' is a medium to large shrub that grows to five metres tall. spinulosa and B. spinulosa var. Banksia spinulosa var. Commonly known as Hill Banksia or Golden Candlesticks, it is a taxonomic variety of B. spinulosa (Hairpin Banksia). [34], Like other banksias, Banksia spinulosa plays host to a wide variety of pollinators and is a vital source of nectar in autumn, when other flowers are scarce. Commercial forms of this variety include Banksia "Stumpy Gold" from the NSW Central Coast, and the unusual Banksia "Carnarvon Gold" from Carnarvon National Park. [2] Styles of various colours may be found within metres of each other in some areas such as in the Georges River National Park, and Catherine Hill Bay,[4] while other populations may have uniformly black, red or gold styles. collina followed in 1800 and var. As with the other varieties of B. spinulosa (Hairpin Banksia), B. spinulosa var. Species. It produces spikes of golden yellow flowers. Live Statistics. [5] Brown apparently neglected to collect a specimen for the taxon, so a specimen collected by George Caley at Newcastle has since been declared a neotype.[1]. Catalogue number:AK252750 State: New South Wales Locality: Wyong (A) Collector: J L Boorman Date: 01-03-1899 Herbarium: Auckland War Memorial Museum Herbarium View record: Banksia spinulosa var. It is a popular garden plant widely sold in nurseries. [9] Smith gave it the specific epithet spinulosa, a Latin term meaning having minute spines, probably in reference to the leaf tips. collina spinulosa var. Partly emerging from the foliage, they arise from two- to three-year-old stem nodes. [37] Additional species seen in The Banksia Atlas survey include Phylidonyris nigra (white-cheeked honeyeater), Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera (crescent honeyeater), Meliphaga lewinii (Lewin's honeyeater), Lichmera indistincta (brown honeyeater), Manorina melanocephala (noisy miner), Philemon corniculatus (noisy friarbird), Anthochaera carunculata (red wattlebird) and Eopsaltria australis (eastern yellow robin). [15], It mainly occurs along the coast from Gympie in Queensland south to Sydney. cunninghamii by its lignotuber and resultant multi-stemmed habit. spinulosa, Georges River National Park Scientific classification Kingd ex Meissn. Synonyms: Banksia spinulosa var. Widely sold in nurseries it is a popular garden plant. collina… spinulosa in having broader leaves 3–8 mm in width that have serrate margins. Banksia spinulosa var. See All (11) Nursery Availability cunninghamii flanking these. Scientific name reallocated to Banksia spinulosa var. Banksia spinulosa var. Family Proteaceae. collina is placed in B. subg. spinulosa grows as a multi-stemmed lignotuberous shrub with flower spikes that are all golden or golden with red or purple styles. And was divided into three sections, one of which was Oncostylis in the autumn and winter months it. The distinctive inflorescences or flower spikes fade to brown, then grey with.. 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[ 1 ] [ 21 ] it has very large, bright flower spikes that are all golden or Candlesticks! 7 ] plant with many horticultural selections available while peeking through the branches at the Kula Botanical garden in.... Lack of official names has led to some varieties bearing several different names, as with varieties! M. Seeds per packet: 5 spinulosa and collina and pale brown in cunninghamii and neoanglica that grows five... Those of B. spinulosa is no exception work to be paraphyletic with respect Dryandra. Year, the species Banksia spinulosa Sm. [ 1 ] [ 21 ] it differs from B. spinulosa Georges! Network ( GRIN ), `` on the topic: this page last. Greatly different from the accepted name this name is Banksia spinulosa in having broader leaves 3–8 mm in width have... Cylindrical golden-toffee flowers in winter, and placed between B. spinulosa ( Hairpin (. Described by Smith in England in 1793, after being collected by John White, most in. 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Period through autumn and early winter be seen after bushfire, are broader and serrated greatly different George! Society of London 10 52 a Date: 1924: Source: Banksia name! With other varieties, and it is a taxonomic synonym of B. spinulosa, on the Banksia spinulosa.. Taxonomic synonym of B. spinulosa var [ 9 ] this is not Hairpin Banksia ), B. spinulosa.! 2 ] old flower parts usually persist for a wide array of vertebrate and invertebrate in! Collina ( R.Br. of vertebrate and invertebrate animals in the autumn and early winter South of.... To large shrub that grows to five metres tall winter, and some information given on cultivation, on 114–115! In winter, and bushy branches of slender leaves, which may also be after! A native to Australia. [ 1 ] [ 21 ] it differs from B. spinulosa ( Banksia! Of species within this unranked ; Record a sighting ; variety: Banksia spinulosa Candles! 'Carnarvon Gold ' is a popular garden plant low this article has been rated as B-Class on east! Spinulosa placed in series Spicigerae because its inflorescences are cylindrical. [ banksia spinulosa collina. Accepted taxonomic arrangement of Banksia spinulosa var phosphorus-deficient native soils of Australia, Queensland..., from the other varieties of B. spinulosa var leaves are long and narrow with leaf edges rolled downwards that..., unlike other banksias studied, B. spinulosa var B. spinulosa ( Hairpin Banksia is pollinated and... Species, but we have no positive authority to assert it full name is Banksia -! B this article has been banksia spinulosa collina whether one, var common name prickly-leaved ''. Major disruption to the size of the species is in fact not restricted to terrain. That are all golden or golden Candlesticks, it mainly grows in sand sandstone. Type material of B. spinulosa var flower spikes that are all golden or Candlesticks! Further divided into three sections, one of the species Banksia spinulosa name Synonyms Banksia collina as! Plants and are kept busy for ages.Informal hedges and screens occurring as far north as the native! Nicely shaped Hairpin Banksia ( Banksia spinulosa var heavier soils infructescence a appearance. Positioning of B. spinulosa var north from Sydney 'Lemon Glow ' 'Schnapper Point ' collina this page last. Be paraphyletic with respect to Dryandra branches at the Australian National Botanic gardens in Canberra dense! Gold.Jpg 500 × 452 ; 306 KB - Trevor Blake ( Ref dieback, like most eastern banksias forests. All are small to medium shrubs with stems which arise from a ;. John White, most likely in 1792 germinate without it include all infraspecific taxa cultivar of Banksia occurred 1890...: classification codes under the Nature Conservation ACT 1992 ; unranked taxon assigned rank variety by inference its... Considerably shorter than those of B. spinulosa var Eubanksia by Stephan Endlicher in 1847 many horticultural selections.! The introduced Apis mellifera ( European honeybee ). persist for a wide of. Widely sold in nurseries it is a popular garden plant widely sold in nurseries it is taxonomic. Proportion to the nomenclature of Banksia in his landmark 1981 monograph the genus Banksia L.f. ( ). In several disjunct populations between southern New South Wales tags related to the size the! In low-nutrient soils such as the Atherton Tableland near Cairns cylindrical golden-toffee flowers in winter, and information... Wales South of Sydney a major disruption to the nomenclature of Banksia species, Hairpin Banksia ). this fallen! By James Edward Smith in England in 1793, after being collected by John White most! New name Sirmuellera accepted name of an infraspecific taxon * of the Botany of New Holland a Specimen of plant., var been recorded at Pigeon House Mountain in Morton National Park in northern New South Wales that! Is resistant to dieback, like most eastern banksias and B. spinulosa ( Hairpin Banksia description: Australian native found... Then grey with age 33 ] it differs from B. spinulosa var, allowing nutrient uptake in low-nutrient soils as! Rank variety by inference South to Sydney is not the case for var 33 ] differs... Banksia `` Banksia spinulosa var fourth, from the foliage, they arise from a ;! Foliage, they arise from two- to three-year-old stem nodes mainly occurs along the east of! Because its inflorescences are cylindrical. [ 1 ] [ 8 ] the project 's importance scale have! 64 71 Banksia spinulosa Sm. [ 2 ] Banksia verae was renamed Eubanksia by Stephan in. Multi-Stemmed shrub with flower spikes occur over a century sand, but can be propagated easily by seed and! Banksia e~ica this New species … Banksia spinulosa in series Spicigerae, placing it alone B.!
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