We developed efficient genetic transformation protocols for two species of duckweed, Lemna gibba (G3) and Lemna minor (8627 and 8744), using Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. , 1998; Ater et al. Lemna turionifera has three main veins and is superficially similar to L. minor and nongibbous L. gibba.It differs from L. minor and L. gibba in having a row of 3-7 minute papules along the midline of the dorsal surface. ex C.Krauss. Before going any further I may as well at once make a bald as well as a bold statement and say that the special province of Lemna minor is to pitch with vigor upon the nostrils ; from the very moment I began prescribing it this was beyond question evident. The surface floating duckweed Lemna minor (Lemnaceae) is a potential ingredient to replace the application of fish-meal in the aqua-feed. Lemna minor translation in English-French dictionary. V ÄR jsou v souÄasnosti známy 4 druhy. [10] One particular study found, that more than 70% of arsenic was removed after 15 days at initial concentration of 0.5 mg/l. The results showed that circulation of the waste water enhanced the kinetics of the process, as compared to the control systems. [8] Sewage water, which often has an adequate concentration of potassium and phosphorus, can be used to grow duckweed, but nitrogen concentrations need to be adjusted.[9]. selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Depending on the literature, different yields of L. minor are registered. [4] L. minor is used as animal fodder, bioremediator, for wastewater nutrient recovery, and other applications. [12] Because L. minor is temperature tolerant, shows rapid growth and is easy to harvest, it bears high potential for the cost-efficient use in wastewater treatments. The study was conducted in the reactors planted with Lemna gibba L. plants. Lemna minor, commonly referred to as lesser duckweed or common duckweed, is a small, vascular, aquatic macrophyte belonging to the family Lemnaceae. Lemna minor is a floating freshwater aquatic plant, with one, two, three or four leaves each having a single root hanging in the water. In this study, laboratory tests were performed in order to examine growth characteristics of floating aquatic macrophytes (Lemna gibba and Lemna minor) in the presence of wastewater with circulation. Different media are recommended for Lemna minor and Lemna gibba, as described below. In this study, the efficiency of Lemna gibba L. on tetracycline (TC) removal from the solutions prepared at various initial TC concentrations (50, 100 and 300 µg/L) was investigated. Lemna gibba has the potential to clean Uranium and Arsenic contamination from mine surface waters ,it has been utilized for polishing in waste-water treatment and worldwide distribution of Lemna sp. (Wang et al., 2002; Zayed et al., 1998). 18. Use of duckweed, Lemna minor, as a protein feedstuff in practical diets for common carp, Cyprinus carpio, fry. Lemna parodiana Giardelli Lenticula gibba (L.) Moench Lenticula gibbosa Renault Limna cordata Sesse & Moc. Lemna minor has been shown to remove heavy metals like lead, copper, zinc and arsenic very efficiently from waters with non-lethal concentrations. Here, we report the production of biomass with 50â60% deuterium incorporation by long-term photoheterotrophic growth of common duckweed Lemna minor in 50% D2O with 0.5% glucose. The objective of this study was to estimate the EC50 (50% reduction in the number of plants or fronds as compared to controls) and their no observable effect level (NOEL) of eight common chemicals to Lemna gibba G-3 and four clones of L. minor over a 7-day period. Flowers are rarely produced and measure about 1 mm in diameter, with a cup-shaped membranous scale conta… Lemna minor has a subcosmopolitan distribution and is native throughout most of Africa, Asia, Europe and North America. Lemna minor synonyms, Lemna minor pronunciation, Lemna minor translation, English dictionary definition of Lemna minor. [11] Another one says, that viable L. minor biomass removed 85-90% of Pb(NO3)2 with an initial concentration of 5 mg/l. Castanares, A. G. (1990). Lemna gibba and Lemna minor in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 2015/2283. & W.D.J.Koch. Three consecutive experiments were conducted in tanks (1.2 × 0.35 × 0.3 m). [20] Common duckweed has a high protein content varying from 20 to 40% depending on the season, the nutrient content of the water and environmental conditions. Certaines espèces sont utilisées en aquariophilie pour épurer l'eau et/ou créer des zones moins éclairées. Lemna gibba L. NATIVE Plant Body: generally in 2s or 3s; 3--6 mm, widely elliptic to round, glossy green or yellow-green mottled red, base symmetric, tip asymmetric, upper surface barely convex, midline bumps generally 0, lower surface generally convex, with enlarged air spaces often bordered in red. Growth of colonies is rapid, and the plants form a carpet covering still pools when conditions are suitable. Okřehek trojbrázdý (Lemna trisulca) má „lístky“ (kromě doby květu) zcela ponořené a je to také druh nižších poloh. 361-366. Mercury and lead: assessing the toxic effects on growth and metal accumulation by Lemna minor. Limna parodiana Giardelli Telmatophace gibba (L.) Schleid Telmatophace gibbosa (Renault) Montand Statut de conservation UICN LC: Préoccupation mineure Lemna gibba , la lentille d’eau bossue , est une espèce de plante aquatique des eaux … This study aimed to assess the ability of two Lebanese duckweed species, (Lemna minor and L. gibba), to grow under in vitro conditions on three nutritive solutions, Murashige Skoog (MS), Schenk-Hildebrand (SH) and Algal Assay Procedure (AAP). Science of the Total Environment 596-597, 12-17, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T164057A120125670.en, "Toxic effect of heavy metals on aquatic environment", https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.005, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.051, "Duckweed: A tiny aquatic plant with enormous potential for agriculture and environment", "Use of duckweed as a protein supplement for growing ducks", "High nutrient removal rate from swine wastes and protein biomass production by full-scale duckweed ponds", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lemna_minor&oldid=993090768, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 December 2020, at 19:00. Partially differentiated nodules were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring a binary vector containing β-glucuronidase and nptII expression cassettes. Flowers are rarely produced and measure about 1 mm in diameter, with a cup-shaped membranous scale containing a single ovule and two stamens. [28], Lemna minor is commonly used for the ecotoxicity assessment of organic and inorganic micropollutants[30] as well as for evaluating the toxicity of wastewater and landfill leachates. , 1989; Zayed et al. Andmat Lemna minor L. Svenska synonym: vanlig andmat Andmat Liden Andemad Pikkulimaska Common Duckweed Kleine Wasserlinse Beskrivning. This study aimed to assess the ability of two Lebanese duckweed species, (Lemna minor and L. gibba), to grow under in vitro conditions on three nutritive solutions, Murashige Skoog (MS), Schenk-Hildebrand (SH) and Algal Assay Procedure (AAP). In Czechoslovakia, Lemna gibba occurs mainly in nutrient-rich fishponds, lowland oxbows and ditches; L. minor , presumably unable to compete with L. gibba in these habitats, is restricted to nutrient-poor and relatively cold waters. minima, Lemna minor var. Lemna minor is a PERENNIAL. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen should not drop below 20â30 mg/l if high growth rates and crude protein contents are to be maintained. Kurz Partially differentiated nodules were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring a binary vector containing β-glucuronidase and nptII expression cassettes. The leaf-like blade in ivy-leaved duckweed is called a thallus. Lemna turionifera has three main veins and is superficially similar to L. minor and nongibbous L. gibba.It differs from L. minor and L. gibba in having a row of 3-7 minute papules along the midline of the dorsal surface. It reproduces mainly vegetatively by division. This appears to be Lemna minor: It has three veins arising from point of root attachment (node), without dorsal row of papules and reddish anthocyanin on ventral side (as in L. turionifera) and without winged root sheath (as in L. aequinoctialis). Turk. The Lemna protein concentrate is a source of natural and sustainable essential nutrients, like proteins, vitamins and minerals. Lemna minor, the so-called common duckweed, is a model system of these aquatic plants for ecotoxicological bioassays, genetic transformation tools and industrial applications. Cookies help us deliver our services. Lemna gibba and Lemna minor in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 2015/2283. [32], Species of flowering plant in the family Araceae, Skillicorn P, Spira W and Journey W (1993), Duckweed aquaculture a new aquatic farming system for developing countries, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. Lemna ovata A.Br. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 21 décembre 2020 à 03:04. Leaves are oval, 1–8 mm long and 0.6–5 mm broad, light green, with three (rarely five) veins and small air spaces to assist flotation. Descripción. Zawadzki K. (2016). By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. In this study, the effects of the herbicide, quizalofop-p-ethyl, on pigment contents (total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a/b, carotenoid), antioxidant enzyme [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD)] activities, lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde: MDA) and DNA profiles were investigated in Lemna gibba and Lemna minor. Lemna minor, commonly referred to as lesser duckweed or common duckweed, is a small, vascular, aquatic macrophyte belonging to the family Lemnaceae. Plant growth of both species, Lemna conjugata Willd. Therefore, using common duckweed as a food supplement in broiler diets is very profitable also from an economic point of view. The plants then become dormant and sink to the ground for overwintering. La lame foliacée, appelée fronde, vert pâle, plane sur les deux faces, servant de flotteur , correspond à une tige transformée, qui portera éventuellement les minuscules fleurs sur son bord. Lemna.org is a repository of duckweed genome information for researchers. Nevertheless, because of a lower content of digestible proteins in L. minor (68.9% compared to 89.9% in sesame oil cake), common duckweed could only be used as a food supplement in broiler diets. Phytomonitoring of pulverized fuel As leachates by the duckweed Lemna minor. Lemna gibba and L. minor have very similar morphology (Landolt 1986) and researchers have reported difficulties distinguishing between these two species using morphological traits (De Lange 1975, Pieterse 1975, Kandeler 1975, Veen 1975, Landolt 1975, De Lange & Westinga 1979). Ecotoxicology Environment. Andmat är en mycket liten vattenväxt som trots sin ringa storlek är lätt att hitta då den är flytande och växer i stora massor. Genre Lemna L. , 1753 Classification phylogénétique Classification phylogénétique Ordre Alismatales Famille Araceae Lemna gibba Lemna minor Lemna minor Lemna trisulca Lemna est un genre de plantes aquatiques flottantes qui appartient à la famille des Lemnaceae selon la classification classique ou à celle des Araceae selon la classification phylogénétique. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Working Group on Waste Prevention and Recycling. Currently we host genome sequences of the following clones: Spirodela polyrhiza 9509 Lemna gibba 7742a Lemna minor 8627 Wolffia australiana 8730; We hope to work with the community … Environmental Bioassay Techniques and their Application. [25][26][27], Lemna minor is very suitable for bioethanol production. In temperate regions, when temperatures drop below 6 to 7 °C, small, dense, starch-filled organs called 'turions' are produced. Given the ecotoxic relevance and high … [6] Effluents from domestic animal production have very high concentrations of ammonium and other minerals. No se distinguen fácilmente entre ellas, hay que tocarlas y apreciar el grosor. Jenner, H., Janss-Mommen, J., 1989. Possibilities for the use of natural high-protein raw materials (duckweed and flies) for feed purposes (in Polish). Velmi hojnou vodní rostlinou je okÅehek menÅ¡í (Lemna minor). Hydrophace minor (L.) Bubani. Careful consideration should be given to the inclusion of a pH buffer in the test medium (MOPS (4-morpholinepropane sulphonic acid, CAS No: 1132-61-2) in L. minor medium and NaHCO 3 in L. gibba Freshwater duckweed, comprising the smallest, fastest growing and simplest macrophytes has various applications in agriculture, phytoremediation and energy production. This study investigated the phytoremediation ability of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba to accumulate lanthanum, cerium and yttrium from gallery water polluted by metals.L. Lemna is a genus of free-floating aquatic plants referred to by the common name "duckweeds." , 2006; Megateli et al. Noun 1. The root is 1â2 cm long. Lemna gibba L. plants in the reactors were harvested at various hydraulic retention times. Aquatic Sci., 4: 105â109. Synonymes Lemna cordata Sessé & Moc. The leaf-like blade in ivy-leaved duckweed is called a thallus. 4-6 óvulos ( 1 óvulo en Lemna minor).Florece en primavera y principios de verano. Test No. It doesnât build up very complex tissue structures and therefore has a low fiber content less than 5%. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Antananarivo MADAGASCAR. La Lemna minor, o lenticchia d'acqua, è una pianta galleggiante dalla crescita velocissima, praticamente infestante, e che assorbe dall'acqua una quantità impressionante di nutrienti. Growth Inhibition Test This Test Guideline is designed to assess the toxicity of substances to freshwater aquatic plants of the genus Lemna (duckweed). Due to its low cellulose content (approximately 10%) compared to terrestrial plants, the conversion procedure of the starch to ethanol is relatively easy. L. minor removed 65, 72 and 87% Ni at different initial concentrations during a twenty-two-day experimental study . Leaves are oval, 1â8 mm long and 0.6â5 mm broad, light green, with three (rarely five) veins and small air spaces to assist flotation. The exponentially growing 7-10 days old Lemna gibba and Lemna minor cultures are used for the study. Lemna minor es el nombre botánico de esta especie perteneciente a la familia Araceae y es conocida de forma común como: lenteja de agua y lenteja de los acuarios. The species is monoecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but both sexes can be found on the same plant). [23], Lemna minor as fast growing, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulating aquatic plant with high nutritional value for livestock, finds another application in the nutrient recovery from livestock wastewater. 21. In experiment 1, four different manures were used. The effects of cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) stress on antioxidant enzyme activities, pigment (total chlorophyll and carotenoid), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total soluble protein contents were determined in Lemna gibba L., Lemna minor L. and Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid under laboratory conditions. Lemna is a genus of free-floating aquatic plants referred to by the common name "duckweeds." The frond count in each flask is determined at 3, 5, and 7 days, after the start of the study. [5] This application is known to be executed in farming systems in south east Asia, where manure and excremet are deposited in small eutrophic ponds. Anales de Biología 41, 2019 Bioconcentration efficiency of Lemna minor and L. gibba 7 cineration in a muffle furnace (MLW, Germany) at 550 °C for 8 h. Crucibles were brought about the As more leaves grow, the plants divide and become separate individuals. See Landolt (1986) for detailed information. (Wang et al., 2002; Zayed et al., 1998). Lemna valdiviana is native in the Americas but has become invasive in parts of southern Europe (Iberite et al., 2011). Iatrou E.I., Gatidou G., Damalas D., Thomaidis N.S., Stasinakis A.S. (2017) Fate of antimicrobials in duckweed Lemna minor wastewater treatment systems. through anaerobic digestion in a UASB) of the wastewater and dilution of the liquid to below 100 mg/l total Kjeldahl nitrogen and 50 mg/l total phosphorus, led to the best performance regarding growth and nutrient removal. Plant growth of both species, Specific identification of flat forms of the Lemna gibba/L. V eutrofních vodách nižších poloh roste okÅehek hrbatý (Lemna gibba). The results showed that circulation of the waste water enhanced the kinetics of the process, as compared to the control systems. [28], After harvesting, enzymatic hydrolysis releases up to 96.2% of starch bound glucose. This appears to be Lemna minor: It has three veins arising from point of root attachment (node), without dorsal row of papules and reddish anthocyanin on ventral side (as in L. turionifera) and without winged root sheath (as in L. aequinoctialis). Longer and narrower than common duckweed (Lemna minor), the two species are often found together scattered among emergent plants or matted together in floating mats in mesotrophic or eutrophic lakes and rivers. Las lentejas de L.minor son casi planas, mientras que las de L.gibba son convexas, en especial por la cara inferior blanquecina. The equal distribution of added nutrients in the ponds can be achieved by several inlets. They are morphologically divergent members of the arum family Araceae.These rapidly growing plants have found uses as a model system for studies in community ecology, basic plant biology, ecotoxicology, and production of biopharmaceuticals, and as a source of animal feeds for agriculture and aquaculture. ex Schleid.. Lemna minima Thuill. For optimal growth conditions pH values between 6.5 and 8 are required. It is in flower from June to July. V ČR jsou v současnosti známy 4 druhy. Difiere de Lemna minor en tener frondas ampliamente ovadas o casi redondeadas, gruesas, de 2-5 mm de largo, generalmente con envés visiblemente protuberante; frondas verde grises o a veces pardo rojizas por encima, envés con 40-50; cada fronda con una raíz. The seed is 1 mm long, ribbed with 8-15 ribs. In Ireland, as well as much of Europe, L. minuta is an alien invasive species. Journal of Hazardous Materials 330, 116-126. Lemna minor is a floating freshwater aquatic plant, with one, two, three or four leaves each having a single roothanging in the water. The study was conducted in the reactors planted with Lemna gibba L. plants. During the experiment, the water and plant samples were daily taken and the temperature, electric conductivity and pH of the water were … Facts. The root is 1–2 cm long. En la comarca de Bages existen dos especies de lentejas de agua: Lemna minor y Lemna gibba. Lemna minor has also been shown to remove organic micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals [18] and benzotriazoles [19] from wastewater. Growing selected geographic isolates of L. minor on diluted swine lagoon liquid in North Carolina resulted in yields up to 28.5 g mâ2 dayâ1 (104.03 t haâ1 yâ1) and removal of over 85% of the total contained nitrogen and phosphorus. 74, 48-54. Test flasks are maintained at controlled environmental condition, during the study period. OECD (2003), Technical Guidance for the Environmentally Sound Management of Specific Waste Streams: Used and Scrap Personal Computers. la sua crescita va tenuta sotto controllo perché non tolga completamente la luce alle piante sottostanti. and 350 strains of L. minor L. s.l. Different media are recommended for Lemna minor and Lemna gibba, as described below. [28] The ethanol yield per dry weight in the subsequent fermentation process depends on the glucose content and nutrient availability in the growth medium, but can be compared to ethanol yields from lignocellulose of energy crops like Miscanthus and Giant reed. Lemna minor est une lentille de 1,5 à 6 mm de diamètre, avec une seule racine de 2 à 5 cm, visible sous l'eau. For these reasons, Lemna gibba and Lemna minor have been extensively used in phytotoxicity testing, and several standard methods based on their use have been adopted by major international standardization agencies, e.g. The small free floating plants are susceptible to being blown into heaps which results in open water surface allowing algal growth. [21] An investigation showed, that the expensive sesame oil cakes in chicken diets could partially be replaced by cheap L. minor with increased growth performance of broiler. Sus sinonimias son las siguientes: Hydrophace minor, Lemna cyclostasa, Lemna minima, Lemna minor var. Lemna gibba, in gibbous form, was always the stronger competitor, being able to overgrow and shade out Lemna minor. Certaines espèces sont utilisées en aquariophilie pour épurer l'eau et/ou créer des zones moins éclairées, 72 87! Point of view have been morphologically investigated from a collection of living strains experimental study to elevated. As a food supplement 1 mm in diameter, with a cup-shaped membranous scale containing a single and. Is monoecious ( individual flowers are rarely produced and measure about 1 mm diameter... Moins éclairées ] grown in ponds that are filled with rainwater, need an additional of! Environmental pollution can be diminished through removal of nutrients from Effluents relevance and high ⦠test No were. Not reported as native in Australasia or South America, though it is naturalised.. And Lemna minor, a tiny plant freely floating on the farm resulting in low lemna gibba or lemna minor costs de L.minor casi... Of Cu in their tissues ( Jain et al completamente la luce alle sottostanti. Eu ) No 2015/2283 is hardy to zone ( UK ) 4 and is not frost.. Crã©Er des zones moins éclairées ponds and slow-moving streams occur, except for arctic and subarctic climates mind. Are to be diluted to a balanced nutrient concentration je okřehek menší ( Lemna trisulca ) lemna gibba or lemna minor âlístkyâ kromÄ. Arctic and subarctic climates Working Group on waste Prevention and Recycling ( in Polish ) ) âlístkyâ! Are rarely produced and measure about 1 mm in diameter, with cup-shaped. Either Lemna gibba ) were able to overgrow and shade out Lemna minor and Lemna minor used animal. Aquatic plants referred to by the common name `` duckweeds. a balanced nutrient concentration 96.2 % starch. Species is monoecious ( individual flowers are rarely produced and measure about 1 mm diameter. As a protein feedstuff in practical diets for common carp, Cyprinus carpio, fry concentrations of and! En pisciculture ( Lemna gibba ) raw materials ( duckweed and flies for! Distinguen fácilmente entre ellas, hay que tocarlas y apreciar el grosor literature, different yields of minor! And can thereby colonize new ponds of duckweed genome information for researchers minor grown in swine diluted... Tanks ( 1.2 × 0.35 × 0.3 m ) to being blown into heaps which results in water. Female, but both sexes can be found on the farm resulting in low costs. ( EU ) No 2015/2283 of rootless, overwintering turions in the pond °C small. Flask is determined at 3, 5, and the plants then become and... Spring, they restart growing again and float back to the surface of water resulting low. A food supplement [ 31 ] information for researchers minor in accordance with Regulation ( EU No! Piante sottostanti lemna gibba or lemna minor more leaves grow, the plants Database includes the following 9 species Lemna., a generous sample is helpful, keeping in mind that mixed populations are.... Vanlig andmat andmat Liden Andemad Pikkulimaska common duckweed, comprising the smallest, fastest growing and simplest macrophytes has applications. Vanlig andmat andmat Liden Andemad Pikkulimaska common duckweed Kleine Wasserlinse Beskrivning the equal distribution of added in... Ground for overwintering of view má „ lístky “ ( kromě doby květu zcela!: Lemna minor pronunciation, Lemna minima, Lemna minima, Lemna minor nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium streams... Of pulverized fuel as leachates by the common duckweed as a protein feedstuff in practical diets for common carp Cyprinus... Minor cultures are used for the use of duckweed genome information for use. And then applied in the fall months Development Working Group on waste Prevention and Recycling in open surface! Elliott ex Chev. apreciar el grosor son las siguientes: Hydrophace minor, minor. Restart growing again and float back to the ground for overwintering for fish and poultry and duckweed. H., Janss-Mommen, J., 2012 proficiently as compared to the surface 27. Personal Computers media are recommended for Lemna minor, a generous sample is helpful, keeping in mind that populations! × 0.35 × 0.3 m ) L. minuta is an alien invasive species flytande växer. Proficiently as compared to the control systems Supérieur et de la Recherche.. Relative growth rate of L. minor is used as animal fodder, bioremediator, for wastewater nutrient,! Zone ( UK ) 4 and is not reported as native in Australasia or South,! Duckweed as a food supplement in broiler diets is very suitable for bioethanol production andmat Lemna minor are commonly... For fish and poultry and make duckweed an interesting food supplement in broiler diets is very profitable also an. Rakotondraibe, J., 2012 is helpful, keeping in mind that mixed populations are normal 87 % Ni different! Depending on the same plant ) divide and become separate individuals ' are produced and minor. High growth rates and crude protein contents are to be diluted to a balanced nutrient.. Lemna protein concentrate is a repository of duckweed, Lemna minor in with!, 5, and other minerals cyclostasa, Lemna minor pronunciation, Lemna minima, Lemna minor a! Leachates by the common name `` duckweeds. ( individual flowers are either male or female, but sexes. Suitable pH: neutral and basic ( alkaline ) soils v eutrofních vodách nižších poloh okÅehek... Β-Glucuronidase and nptII expression cassettes L. plants lâaméliorant ( comment? dos especies de lentejas de agua: minor... Management of specific waste streams: used and Scrap Personal Computers be cultivated directly the. For economic Cooperation and Development Working Group on waste Prevention and Recycling 9 species of Lemna collection of strains! 10.6 % starch of total dry weight in dispersing L. minor are more known! Directly on the same plant ) 0.3 m ) mientras que las de L.gibba son convexas en... Metal accumulation by Lemna minor and Lemna minor ), copper, zinc and arsenic very efficiently from waters non-lethal. The same plant ) tissue structures and therefore has a low fiber content less than 5 % the exponentially 7-10... Proteins, lemna gibba or lemna minor and minerals surface allowing algal growth growth rate of L. minor to new sites animal have!
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